Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB), or, as it was known in the days of old, consumption, has plagued us since before recorded history. One of the top three infectious diseases, up there with HIV/AIDS and malaria, it infects nearly a third of the world's population and still kills well over two million people yearly, largely in impoverished DESPITE ADVANCES IN CONTROLLING TB in South Africa and globally, TB remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious organism, 1 and How TB Spreads. TB bacteria spread through the air from one person to another. When a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, speaks, or sings, Missing: pretoria Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading infectious cause of death in adults worldwide, killing about million people in , most of them in low- and middle-income countries (1 General reference Tuberculosis is a chronic, progressive mycobacterial infection, often with an asymptomatic latent period following initial [HOST]ulosis most commonly Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious granulomatous disease of animals and humans that is due to acid-fast bacilli of the genus Mycobacterium, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (human and mammalian TB) and Mycobacterium avium complex (avian TB). Although commonly defined as a chronic, debilitating disease, TB TB bacteria usually grow in the lungs (pulmonary TB). TB disease in the lungs may cause symptoms such as. a bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer. pain in the chest. coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm from deep inside the lungs) Other symptoms of TB disease are. weakness or fatigue. weight loss. no appetite Summary. Active tuberculosis (TB) disease can transmit from person to person, but latent TB infection is not contagious. Active TB typically transmits through droplets in the air. The bacterium Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease caused by breathing in a bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB usually infects the lungs. TB can also infect other parts of the body, including the kidneys, spine and brain. People can have TB and not be sick, this is called latent TB. Latent TB is when a person has the TB bacteria in their body but it is
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This is known as miliary TB (due to the characteristic pattern on Chest X-ray like 'millet-seeds' when re-infection of lungs occurs after passing through circulation). Name 6 major risk factors of TB. 1) Ethnic minority groups (most commonly those from sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia). The risk is highest if returned from a high-prevalence Frequently clean your hands with soap and water, or an alcohol-based hand rub. If you can, carry alcohol-based rub with you and use it often. Cover your coughs and sneezes with a bent elbow or tissue, throwing used tissues into a closed bin right away. Then wash your hands or use an alcohol-based hand rub
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• TB is spread through the air from one person to another. The TB germs are passed through the air when someone who is sick with TB disease coughs, laughs, sings, or sneezes. • If you breathe air that has TB germs, you may get TB infection. This means you have only dormant (sleeping) TB germs in your body. These Bovine TB can infect all mammals including humans, farmed animals, pets and wild animals. Badgers and wild deer are the main wild animal species considered to be a TB risk to cattle herds. The following animals may be infected on farms, as well as cattle: sheep. Some of these species are less likely to cause the spread of disease than others How HIV is transmitted. HIV is not passed on easily from one person to another. The virus does not spread through the air like cold and flu viruses. HIV lives in the blood and in some body fluids. To get HIV, 1 of these fluids from someone with HIV has to get into your blood. The body fluids that contain enough HIV to infect someone are: semen Skin test: The TB skin test is performed by injecting a small amount of fluid (called tuberculin) into the skin in the lower part of the arm. A person given the tuberculin skin test must return within two to three days to monitor any reaction on the arm. The health care worker will look for a raised, hard area or swelling, and if present, he measures its Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic and slowly progressive disease of cattle that emerges periodically in the U.S. Its incubation time ranges from months to years. Most often, infected cattle will show little to no outward signs of infection. When clinical signs are present, they will often be vague, such as weight loss, depression, and sluggishness South Africa. Department of Health. Chief Directorate: TB Control and Management. Directorate: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, TB & HIV. Multi-drug resistant